Прямые ссылки на заплатки для операционных систем Windows (начиная с XP и заканчивая Windows 10):

Windows XP SP3
http://download.windowsupdate.com/d/csa/csa/secu/2017/02/windowsxp-kb4012598-x86-custom-rus_84397f9eeea668b975c0c2cf9aaf0e2312f50077.exe

Windows XP SP2 for x64
http://download.windowsupdate.com/d/csa/csa/secu/2017/02/windowsserver2003-kb4012598-x64-custom-enu_f24d8723f246145524b9030e4752c96430981211.exe

Windows Server 2003 for x86
http://download.windowsupdate.com/c/csa/csa/secu/2017/02/windowsserver2003-kb4012598-x86-custom-rus_62e38676306f9df089edaeec8924a6fdb68ec294.exe

Windows Server 2003 for x64
http://download.windowsupdate.com/c/csa/csa/secu/2017/02/windowsserver2003-kb4012598-x64-custom-rus_6efd5e111cbfe2f9e10651354c0118517cee4c5e.exe

Windows Vista x86 Service Pack 2
http://download.windowsupdate.com/d/msdownload/update/software/secu/2017/02/windows6.0-kb4012598-x86_13e9b3d77ba5599764c296075a796c16a85c745c.msu

Windows Vista x64 Edition Service Pack 2
http://download.windowsupdate.com/d/msdownload/update/software/secu/2017/02/windows6.0-kb4012598-x64_6a186ba2b2b98b2144b50f88baf33a5fa53b5d76.msu

Windows Server 2008 for x86
http://download.windowsupdate.com/d/msdownload/update/software/secu/2017/02/windows6.0-kb4012598-x86_13e9b3d77ba5599764c296075a796c16a85c745c.msu

Windows Server 2008 for x64
http://download.windowsupdate.com/d/msdownload/update/software/secu/2017/02/windows6.0-kb4012598-x64_6a186ba2b2b98b2144b50f88baf33a5fa53b5d76.msu

Windows Server 2008 R2 for x64
http://download.windowsupdate.com/d/msdownload/update/software/secu/2017/02/windows6.1-kb4012212-x64_2decefaa02e2058dcd965702509a992d8c4e92b3.msu

Windows Server 2008 R2 for Itanium
http://download.windowsupdate.com/c/msdownload/update/software/secu/2017/02/windows6.1-kb4012212-ia64_93a42b16dbea87fa04e2b527676a499f9fbba554.msu

Windows 7 for 32-bit Service Pack 1
http://download.windowsupdate.com/d/msdownload/update/software/secu/2017/02/windows6.1-kb4012212-x86_6bb04d3971bb58ae4bac44219e7169812914df3f.msu

Windows 7 for x64 Service Pack 1
http://download.windowsupdate.com/d/msdownload/update/software/secu/2017/02/windows6.1-kb4012212-x64_2decefaa02e2058dcd965702509a992d8c4e92b3.msu

Windows 8.1 for 32-bit
http://download.windowsupdate.com/c/msdownload/update/software/secu/2017/02/windows8.1-kb4012213-x86_e118939b397bc983971c88d9c9ecc8cbec471b05.msu

Windows 8.1 for x64
http://download.windowsupdate.com/c/msdownload/update/software/secu/2017/02/windows8.1-kb4012213-x64_5b24b9ca5a123a844ed793e0f2be974148520349.msu

Windows 10 for 32-bit
http://download.windowsupdate.com/c/msdownload/update/software/secu/2017/03/windows10.0-kb4012606-x86_8c19e23de2ff92919d3fac069619e4a8e8d3492e.msu

Windows 10 for x64
http://download.windowsupdate.com/c/msdownload/update/software/secu/2017/03/windows10.0-kb4012606-x64_e805b81ee08c3bb0a8ab2c5ce6be5b35127f8773.msu

Windows 10 Version 1511 for 32-bit
http://download.windowsupdate.com/c/msdownload/update/software/secu/2017/03/windows10.0-kb4013198-x86_f997cfd9b59310d274329250f14502c3b97329d5.msu

Windows 10 Version 1511 for x64
http://download.windowsupdate.com/c/msdownload/update/software/secu/2017/03/windows10.0-kb4013198-x64_7b16621bdc40cb512b7a3a51dd0d30592ab02f08.msu

Windows 10 Version 1607 for 32-bit
http://download.windowsupdate.com/c/msdownload/update/software/secu/2017/03/windows10.0-kb4013429-x86_8b376e3d0bff862d803404902c4191587afbf065.msu

Windows 10 Version 1607 for x64
http://download.windowsupdate.com/d/msdownload/update/software/secu/2017/03/windows10.0-kb4013429-x64_ddc8596f88577ab739cade1d365956a74598e710.msu

Для обнаружения нуждающихся в лечении компьютеров в локальной сети, можно использовать известную утилиту Nmap (https://nmap.org/) совместно со специальным скриптом:
https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cldrn/nmap-nse-scripts/master/scripts/smb-vuln-ms17-010.nse

Скрипт работает с Nmap версии 7.40 и выше.

Пример использования (Linux):

nmap -sC -p445 --open --max-hostgroup 3 --script /usr/share/nmap/scripts/smb-vuln-ms17-010.nse 192.168.1.0/24

Данная команда проверит 256 хостов в диапазоне 192.168.1.0-255 на предмет уязвимости в протоколе SMBv1.

При обнаружении незащищенной системы выводится примерно такое сообщение:

Starting Nmap 7.40 ( https://nmap.org )
Nmap scan report for 192.168.1.1
Host is up (0.0011s latency).
PORT    STATE SERVICE
445/tcp open  microsoft-ds

Host script results:
| smb-vuln-ms17-010: 
|   VULNERABLE:
|   Remote Code Execution vulnerability in Microsoft SMBv1 servers (ms17-010)
|     State: VULNERABLE
|     IDs:  CVE:CVE-2017-0143
|     Risk factor: HIGH
|       A critical remote code execution vulnerability exists in Microsoft SMBv1
|        servers (ms17-010).
|       
|     Disclosure date: 2017-03-14
|     References:
|       https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/security/ms17-010.aspx
|       https://blogs.technet.microsoft.com/msrc/2017/05/12/customer-guidance-for-wannacrypt-attacks/
|_      https://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CVE-2017-0143

осторожно устанавливаете это обновление на пиратскую винду. У меня винда легла в синий экран при установке этого обновления.